THE PREVALENCE OF CHRONIC CATARRHAL GINGIVITIS IN CHILDREN WHO HAVE CEREBRAL PALSY

Abstract

For the modern stage of development of pediatric dental care in the world there is characteristic the increased at-tention to the problems of providing for skilled medical treatment and preventive care to the children with disabilities. Today, the most common neurological disease that diagnosed for the children, there is a child’s cerebral palsy. The palindrome nature of this disease causes the variety of clinical manifestations and, in particular, is a high risk of dental disease. From the literary data, during the last ten years, the amount of disabled children with the congenital central nerv-ous system increased in 1.3 times, mainly by increasing the frequency of cerebral palsy. As the causes of this phenome-non, there are called unsatisfactory state of logistical support of primary health care, worse of the environmental con-ditions, reduce the level of reproductive health of the population. The purpose of this research is to estimate the state of periodontal tissues in children and adolescents aged 12-17 years, patients with cerebral palsy. Material and methods. 108 patients aged 12-17 years, with the various forms of cerebral palsy, which amounted to the main group were examined. The comparison group amounted to 83 practically healthy persons without somatic pathology of the same age. The state of the periodontal tissues after the PMA, CPI indices, bleeding gums, test of Shiller-Pisarev and hygienic index of Green-Vermillion (OHI-S) objectivized. The obtained results were statistically worked out using the program Software Statistica 7.0 (StatSoft Inc.). Results. As a result of the enhanced dental examination of 108 children with cerebral palsy (main group) and 83 persons without somatic diseases it was found that in the examinated of main group the prevalence of CCG was (91.66 ± 2.66) %, that was in 1.4 times more data regarding the comparative group ((63.85 ± 5.27) %, p<0,01). At the same time, in the comparative group an intact paradontium was diagnosed in 4.3 times more relatively to the corresponding values in persons of the main group ((36.14 ± 5.27) % against (8.33 ± 2.65) %, p<0.01). For the boys with cerebral palsy CCG diagnosed in (46.29 ± 4.79) % examined, which was in 1.3 times more rela-tively to the data in the persons of the male sex of comparative group ((34.93 ± 5.23) %, p>0.05). For the girls with cerebral palsy the prevalence of CCG was (45.37 ± 4.79) %, which was in 1.6 times higher than in the comparison group of girls ((28.91 ± 4.97) %, p<0.05). The analysis of prevalence of CCG in both study groups depending on age showed that in children with cerebral palsy aged 12-14 years, the prevalence of this disease was (89.79 ± 4.33) %, which was in 1.7 times more relatively to the similar index in the group of comparison ((51.51 ± 8.69)%, p<0.01), and in children of the main group aged 15-17 years it was (93.22 ± 3.27) % against (72.0 ± 6.34)% of the same in the comparison group (p < 0.05), which was in 1.3 times rarer. In middle, the prevalence of CCG in persons of the main group was in 1.4 times higher relatively to the corresponding value in the comparison group ((91.66 ± 2.66) % against ((63.85 ± 5.27) %, p<0.01). In middle, for children with cerebral palsy, CCG of easy degree discovered in 1.3 times rarer relatively to the cor-responding values for the persons of the comparison group ((12.96) % against (16.86) %, p>0.05); gingivitis of the medium degree for the persons of main group it was found out in 2.15 times (28.51)% and the heavy degree – 12.38 times (22.42) % more relatively to the appropriate values for children of the group of comparison ((13.25) % and (1.81) % respectively, p **, p *** < 0,01). Conclusions. The children who have cerebral palsy reported steady tendency to increase the frequency of occur-rence (in 1.4 times) the inflammatory periodontal diseases as chronic catarrhal gingivitis, relatively to the obtained da-ta for the persons of comparative group. With the increase of age for the examined in both study groups, the prevalence of chronic catarrhal gingivitis increase in both groups, however, in patients with cerebral palsy, this process was more pronounced in nature. For persons with cerebral palsy prevailed developed forms of chronic catarrhal gingivitis (me-dium, heavy foot), whereas CCG of easy was with more frequency of cases for the comparative group, that probably explains the presence in the medical history of patients from the main group of heavy somatic disease.