THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MUSCULOSKELETAL-JOINT DYSFUNCTION OF THE TMJ AND NONCARIOUS DENTAL LESIONS (A LITERATURE REVIEW)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35220/2523-420X/2025.4.23Keywords:
occlusal-functional disorders, masticatory load, non-carious dental lesions, temporomandibular joint dysfunction, biomechanics of the dentoalveolar system, musculoskeletal dysfunctionAbstract
The influence of temporomandibular joint dysfunction on the development of non-carious dental lesions remains one of the most relevant and widespread problems in modern dentistry, which is associated with an increasing prevalence of functional disorders of the dentoalveolar system among patients of various age groups. The vast majority of scientific studies emphasize the multifactorial nature of etiological factors that lead to impaired functional status of the anatomical structures comprising the temporomandibular joint, as well as the masticatory musculature. Such factors include occlusal disturbances, parafunctional activity of the masticatory muscles, and psychoemotional overstrain. The dentoalveolar apparatus represents an integrated and functionally interconnected system in which the interaction between the temporomandibular joints, masticatory muscles, and oral cavity structures is of crucial importance for the physiological function of mastication and for maintaining the stability of dental hard tissues. Disruption of this balance negatively affects occlusal relationships and contributes to the formation of excessive pressure on specific areas of the dental arches. In the presence of temporomandibular joint dysfunction, an uneven distribution of load generated by the masticatory muscles is observed, leading to localized overload of the dental hard tissues. Subsequently, this may contribute to the development of non-carious lesions, including abfraction lesions, wedge-shaped defects, and pathological tooth wear, as well as to deterioration of the aesthetic characteristics of the teeth. Such changes are often accompanied by increased tooth sensitivity and may adversely affect patients’ quality of life and psychoemotional well-being. The aim of the study. The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive analysis of scientific data concerning the relationship between musculoskeletal (myofascial–articular) dysfunction and non-carious dental lesions, as well as to conduct a systematic review of theoretical and clinical studies focused on identifying the pathogenetic mechanisms, clinical manifestations, and diagnostic criteria of these lesions. Materials and methods. An analysis of scientific publications was conducted using the international PubMed database with combinations of the following keywords: “musculoskeletal dysfunction,” “abfraction,” “occlusal load,” “dental hard tissue lesions,” and “parafunction of the masticatory muscles.” Articles from scientific journals devoted to therapeutic and prosthetic dentistry, as well as contemporary review and clinical studies, were analyzed.
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