INTERCONNECTIONS BETWEEN PERIODONTAL TISSUE DISORDERS AND NEURODEGENERATIVE PATHOLOGIES (A LITERATURE REVIEW)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35220/2523-420X/2026.3.19Keywords:
periodontitis, neurodegenerative diseases, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, pro-inflammatory mediators, brainAbstract
Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease caused by dysbiotic Biofilms and the most severe form of periodontal disease. Our oral cavity provides a favorable environment for the growth and reproduction of periodontal pathogens. It is believed that the accumulation of plaque is the most common causative agent of this. Advanced stage periodontitis is characterized by tooth loss, loss of bone support, and persistent inflammation. The importance of specific bacteria is constantly a matter of debate, as understanding dysbiosis that occurs in periodontal tissues goes beyond a specific infection. Clinical and histopathological data support the assumption that periodontal inflammation may contribute to neuronal dysfunction and degeneration. The aim of the study: systematization and analysis of current scientific data on the relationship between periodontal tissue diseases and neurodegenerative diseases. Materials and methods. The study used a bibliosemantic research method, which includes the selection, analysis, and synthesis of scientific sources on the topic of the article. Information was collected through searches in international and national databases such as PubMed, DOI, Google Scholar, as well as in professional dental journals. Results of the study. The results of the analysis show that the relationship between oral health and mental health exists and is bidirectional: neurodegenerative diseases can affect the oral cavity, while disorders within it, in turn, may contribute to the development and/or worsen the course of existing brain pathologies. Conclusions. The relationship between periodontal diseases and neurodegenerative pathologies indicates the systemic nature of inflammatory processes in the body. Chronic inflammation, microbial invasion, and immune responses characteristic of periodontitis may contribute to neuroinflammation and accelerate the development of degenerative changes in the central nervous system.
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