CARIOUS INFECTION OF TEMPORARY TEETH IN CHILDREN 5-6 YEARS OLD WITH PATHOLOGY OF THE MUSCULOSKOLE SYSTEM

Abstract

The prevalence of dental caries in the world remains high and, according to WHO, is a global problem of modern dentistry. The problem of the growth of early childhood caries in the world, and in Ukraine in particular, requires special concern. In the world, the prevalence of early childhood caries varies within the limits - from 22% to 95% with an intensity of 2.34 teeth to 6.6 teeth; in Ukraine - from 34% to 95.7% with an intensity of carious lesions from 1.3 teeth to 14.7 teeth. It has been proven that children with chronic somatic diseases have a higher incidence of dental caries, therefore, studying the mechanisms of caries development in primary teeth in children with musculoskeletal disorders remains relevant. Aim of the study. To assess the condition of hard dental tissues in children aged 5-6 years with musculoskeletal disorders. Materials and methods. 345 children aged 5-6 years were examined: the main group ‒ 285 people with musculoskeletal disorders and 60 somatically healthy children (comparison group). Children attended preschool educational institutions, on the basis of which there were specialized groups for children with musculoskeletal disorders. The nature of musculoskeletal disorders was assessed according to extracts from the protocols of diagnostic meetings of the Lviv City Psychological- Medical-Pedagogical Consultation and the results of the examination of children by an orthopedic doctor. Among people with musculoskeletal disorders, 103 (33.05%) were diagnosed with flat feet, 88 (30.81 %) with posture disorders, and 94 (36.14%) with combined pathology. The parents of the children provided informed consent to participate in the research in accordance with the ethical principles and provisions of the Declaration of Helsinki of the World Medical Association for Biomedical Research (Seoul, 2008). The prevalence of caries in %, the intensity of caries of primary teeth «df» were studied, the Significant Index of Caries (SIC) was determined and the difference between the SIC and «df» indices was evaluated. The results of the study were statistically processed using the Student’s t-test. Scientific novelty. A higher prevalence of caries of primary teeth was found in children aged 5-6 years with musculoskeletal disorders than in somatically healthy children (89.28±1.79% vs. 76.67±3.25%, p˂0.001), with a caries intensity of 7.27±0.46 teeth and 5.30±0.24 teeth, respectively, (p˂0.001). The lowest prevalence of caries was observed in children with flat feet (82.64±3.29%), slightly higher among children with posture disorders (87.20±4.22%) and highest (100%) in children with combined pathology. The intensity of caries of primary teeth was highest in children with combined pathology (7.72±0.35 teeth), slightly lower in children with posture disorders – 6.57±0.42 teeth (p˂0.05) and with flat feet – 6.39±0.31 teeth (p˂0.05). In children with musculoskeletal disorders, the SIC index was higher than in somatically healthy children (11.45±0.24 teeth versus 9.13±0.54 teeth (p˂0.01)). The difference between the values of the «df» and SIC indices in children of the main group was +57.50%, and in children of the comparison group +72.26%. In both children with musculoskeletal pathology and somatically healthy children, the largest share in the structure of the «df» index was made up of untreated carious teeth (81.73±1.02% and 72.76±3.20%, respectively, (p˂0.01). A significantly smaller share in the «df» structure of both groups of children was the share of filled teeth, however, in somatically healthy children their number was significantly higher (24.02±2.15% to 14.41±0.75%, (p˂0.001). The share of prematurely removed primary teeth in both groups of children was the smallest. Conclusions. A higher incidence of caries in primary teeth was found in children with musculoskeletal pathology than in somatically healthy children. A smaller share of filled teeth was found in the «df» structure compared to untreated carious teeth, as in children with musculoskeletal pathology, as well as in somatically healthy children, which indicates an insufficient level of provision of medical and preventive care to children. Therefore, the obtained data require further comprehensive research in order to develop a medical and preventive complex and improve the provision of timely qualified dental care to children.