INDICATORS OF BONE METABOLISM IN PATIENTS WITH GENERALIZED PERIODONTITIS IN DIABETIC OSTEOPATHY IN THE ASSESSMENT OF PREDICTIONS OF THE RESULTS OF DENTAL IMPLANTATION

Abstract

Patients suffering from chronic generalized periodontitis complicated by type 2 diabetes constitute a risk group for dental implantation. The success of osseointegration is influenced by the inhibition of bone resorption and activation of mineralization and bone formation, which are dependent on the state of bone metabolism. Hence, investigating clinical and laboratory data regarding the manifestation of osseointegration in patients with generalized periodontitis and diabetes, considering the characteristics of bone metabolism variability, is of significant interest. The purpose research is to identify diagnostic approaches for detecting different variations in bone metabolism and to compare them with the features of osseointegration of dental implants. Materials and methods. The research included 166 patients between the ages of 35 to 50 (with an average age of 42.5±2.34 years) who required dental implantation. Among them, 99 (59.6 %) were female and 67 (40.4 %) were male. All patients were diagnosed with generalized periodontitis of the 1st to 2nd degree of severity, with 90 cases classified as rapidly progressive and 76 cases as chronic. Only patients with compensated and subcompensated type 2 diabetes were included in the study, with the assistance of an endocrinologist. The control group comprised 19 healthy volunteer donors aged 35 to 50 years (average age 41.5±2.7) with intact teeth and healthy periodontal tissues. Research results. The analysis of the obtained data of laboratory studies showed that in patients with rapidly progressive generalized periodontitis with diabetic osteopathy and rapidly progressive generalized periodontitis without background pathology, a deeper imbalance of the processes of bone remodeling with a high level of bone resorption and a significant decrease in osteogenesis, which causes the acceleration of the destruction of periodontal bone tissue and its the loss. At the same time, it was found that in patients with destructive damage to periodontal tissues, provided they do not have systemic diabetic bone pathology, a less pronounced decrease in the levels of markers of bone formation and markers of bone resorption is registered. Conclusions. Based on our research and the data obtained from laboratory studies, it is evident that dynamic monitoring of bone metabolism indicators is crucial in patients with diabetic osteopathy both before and after dental implantation. This is especially important for individuals in this group as they are more prone to imbalances in bone remodeling processes, which can significantly affect the success of dental implantation procedures. Therefore, regular assessment and appropriate pharmacotherapy aimed at optimizing bone metabolism are essential to ensure better osseointegration outcomes and overall treatment success in these patients.