COMPREHENSIVE MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH TO THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH POLYODONTY, HYPERDONTY. CLINICAL CASES

Abstract

A supernumerary tooth may be single or multiple, unilateral or bilateral, and occur with varying frequency in different populations. Supernumerary teeth are classified by shape, morphology, location, and appearance. Additional diagnostic methods should be used. Purpose of the study. Analysis of treatment results of patients with supernumerary teeth. Materials and methods. Twenty-two patients with 86 supernumerary teeth, aged 20 to 26 years, were under clinical observation. The treatment consisted of removing supernumerary teeth. Digital data processing was performed according to standard methods using the Statistica 2018 program. Research results. Digital data analysis showed more supernumerary teeth on the lower jaw in women. The data obtained indicate that the dentist-orthodontist most often detected the presence of supernumerary teeth during examination. To some extent, this explains the greater number of women in our study: women consulted a dentist with complaints of incorrect tooth position. There were more supernumerary teeth on the lower jaw than on the upper jaw; in particular, the most significant number of supernumerary teeth was observed in the area of the molars of the lower jaw. All patients underwent removal of the supernumerary tooth after determining the stages of complex treatment. Indications for removal of the supernumerary tooth were: the presence of localized periodontitis in the area of the erupted tooth, and conservative treatment of localized periodontitis was unsuccessful. In the operated patients, wound healing occurred by both primary and secondary tension. In the presence of signs of a local inflammatory process, in 3 cases, the wound healed by secondary tension. For pain, patients were recommended nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Clinical observations of operated patients confirm that the sooner the surgical intervention is performed, the sooner a successful orthodontic treatment result is achieved. Timely early diagnosis and interdisciplinary connections in the presence of supernumerary teeth can minimize the development of potential complications associated with this anomaly. Conclusions. Achieving a successful outcome is possible with a comprehensive approach to the sequence of interventions, determining indications for surgical treatment, the timing of its implementation, rehabilitation measures, and further management by doctors of related specialties.