MODERN APPROACHES TO THE PROSTHETIC TREATMENT OF PARTIAL EDENTULISM (LITERATURE REVIEW)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35220/2523-420X/2025.2.23Keywords:
partial edentulism, prosthetic treatment, removable dentures, implantology, quality of life, functional rehabilitationAbstract
Partial edentulism is one of the most common dental problems, which not only disrupts chewing function and aesthetics, but also significantly affects the quality of life of patients. Modern scientific research considers tooth loss not only as a clinical pathology, but as a complex phenomenon that has social, psychological and functional consequences. Studies emphasize the importance of individual perception of partial edentia: patients experience a deterioration in their self-esteem, reduced social activity, and decreased enjoyment of eating.Deterioration of orofacial functions (chewing, articulation, facial expression) with partial tooth loss leads to changes in eating behavior and even cognitive activity. Elderly people and people with concomitant systemic diseases such as Parkinson's disease or diabetes are particularly susceptible to this. In a demographic context, partial edentia has an uneven distribution. Studies conducted in different countries demonstrate a relationship between partial tooth loss and socioeconomic status, education, age, and gender. Such data generate a demand for a differentiated approach to orthopedic treatment, taking into account not only clinical but also social factors.Taking into account the above, orthopedic treatment of partial edentia should be considered not only as a technical replacement of lost teeth, but as an integrated medical, social, and functional strategy aimed at restoring the patient's full life. This necessitates a systematic analysis of modern approaches to treatment from the perspective of evidence-based medicine, biomechanics, implantology, and technologies of removable prosthetics for partial edentia. The aim of the study. Generalization of modern approaches to orthopedic treatment of partial edentulism based on the analysis of scientific publications. Materials and methods. An analysis of publications in the Scopus and PubMed databases was conducted using a combination of keywords: “partial edentulism”, “ prosthetic treatment”, “removable dentures”, “implantology”, “quality of life”, “functional rehabilitation”. Search criteria by year – 2017–2025. Journals and dissertations devoted to issues of clinical dentistry, orthopedic dentistry, and social medicine were processed to find relevant publications.
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