ASSESSMENT OF THE HYOID BONE POSITION IN PATIENTS WITH DISTAL BITE WITH NORMAL AND IMPAIRED AIRWAY FUNCTION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35220/2523-420X/2022.1.4Keywords:
distal bite, hyoid bone, violation of the function of external respiration, TRG.Abstract
Introduction. Distal bite (DB) is one of the most common problems in orthodontic practice, characterized by retroposition of the lower jaw relative to the upper or underdeveloped lower jaw and / or maxillary protrusion. This causes aesthetic, functional, and psychological problems of varying intensity. The hyoid bone and its association with impaired external respiratory function in patients with distal occlusion have been an intriguing subject for many years. Purpose of the work. Assessment of the correlation between hyoid bone position and impaired external respiratory function in patients with distal occlusion. Research methods. We examined 231 children aged 7 to 13 years in the period of variable distal bite, at the peak of lower jaw growth (CS3 and CS4 – puberty stages), when orthodontic treatment with functional devices is most effective. The examined patients were divided into two study groups: Group I included 132 children with Class II and subclass, Group II – 99 children with Class II and subclass according to Engle. Cephalometric analysis of hyoid bone position assessment by Bibby, Preston, and Kumar, jaw and airway position analysis by McNamara. Research results. We found no correlation between the nasopharyngeal part of the airway and the position of the hyoid bone in normal nasal breathing function. At the same time, changes in the position of the hyoid bone significantly affect the volume of the oropharynx and laryngopharynx in various types of distal occlusion. Conclusions. In order to determine the effectiveness of orthodontic treatment of distal bite, it is necessary to conduct a study of the position of the hyoid bone before and after the treatment in order to determine its effectiveness.
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