MODERN IDEAS ABOUT THE ROLE OF BIOFILM IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PATHOLOGY OF HARD DENTAL TISSUES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35220/2523-420X/2023.1.14Keywords:
biofilm, microflora, saliva, caries, оral cavityAbstract
Purpose of the study. Generalization of modern scientific information concerning the role of biofilm in the etiopathogenesis of the pathology of hard dental tissues. Research methods. Ukrainian and English-language publications for the last ten years were analyzed which considered the interaction of dental biofilm, oral fluid and hard tissues in the development of dental diseases. Scientific novelty. The review presents modern ideas about the existence of microorganisms on the surface of teeth in the form of a supragingival biofilm. It has been experimentally proven that in the state of a stable biofilm, they cause chronic forms of diseases. At the same time acidophilic bacteria take a direct part in the development of a carious lesion. The analysis showed that the microflora of the oral cavity is an etiological factor but it is not always sufficient for the development of pathology. Saliva acts as a protective factor not only during the action of demineralizing agents associated with the composition of a dental biofilm. It is considered as an important factor in the pathogenesis of non-carious cervical lesions of teeth when chemical demineralization of hard tissues is caused by the attack of dietary acid. Attention is drawn to modern trends in the development of filling materials for the restoration of dental defects that would have antimicrobial properties to extend the service life of restorations, especially in the cervical area. But the quality of restorations of tooth defects depends not only on the filling material used, but also on the patient’s individual parameters such as oral hygiene, low-carbohydrate diet, buffer capacity of saliva. Conclusions. The analysis of modern scientific sources showed that the biofilm takes a direct part in the etiopathogenesis of the pathology of hard dental tissues. At the same time, oral fluid acts as a protective factor. Control over the formation of dental biofilm will allow predicting the course of tooth lesions, take preventive measures in time that will contribute to reducing the prevalence and intensity of dental pathology.
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