IMPLANT STABILITY IN ONE-STAGE DENTAL IMPLANTATION USING A SOFT-TISSUE CUFF REINFORCED WITH BONE GRAFTING MATERIAL

Abstract

The study aims to evaluate changes in follow-up implant stability using a soft-tissue cuff reinforced with bone grafting material (STCRBGM) for one-stage dental implantation. Materials and methods. The study included 51 patients who underwent one-stage dental implantation. Depending on the technique of dental implantation, patients were divided into 2 groups. The main observation group consisted of 25 patients who, after tooth extraction, had the implant installed in a prepared bed with the socket preliminarily filled with Sensobone xenograft, after which the STCRBGM was formed with subsequent fixation of a temporary crown. The comparison group included 26 patients in whom, after tooth extraction, the implant was placed in the prepared bed with the socket preliminarily filled with Sensobone xenograft, after which the soft tissue area was filled with Sensobone xenograft, and the temporary crown was fixed. The implant stability was checked while installing the implant, during a onemonth and three-month follow-up (before replacing the temporary structure with a permanent one), and one year after implantation. The results of the study were processed on a personal computer using the statistical licensed software package “Statistica, version 13” (Copyright 1984-2018 TIBCO Software Inc. All rights reserved. License No. JPZ8041382130ARCN10-J). Results. From the moment of implant placement, during a one-year follow-up after implantation, patients of both groups showed high stability of the implant ISQ>70 units, with a decrease in the ISQ value by 1-2 units 1 month after implant installation and a further follow-up increase in the ISQ value (3 months after implantation by 3-4 units and a year later – by 1-2 units). Simultaneously, the main observation group at a three-month and oneyear follow-up demonstrated a significantly higher ISQ value than the comparison group (by 1.9 and 2.4 units, respectively). Since the initial stability of the implant during implant installation should ensure the stability of the titanium structure, it was high in both groups, which predicted the high efficiency of the applied dental implantation methods. It was also found that the implant stability at the time of its installation and in the follow-up in both groups significantly decreased with the distance of the tooth to the posterior region (in the direction from the CI to 1M). The use of STCRBGM in one-stage dental implantation in a year follow-up provided a significant increase in the ISQ value relative to the index during implant installation in CI, LI, 1PM, 2PM, and 1M. The results are scientifically new since no similar studies have been found in the available literature. Conclusion. The results indicate that using a soft-tissue cuff reinforced with bone grafting material (Sensobone xenograft) allowed the achievement of high implant stability at the stage of prosthetic replacement of more than 70 units. This allows us to consider them as marking high stability, which indicates extremely high integrative abilities of the newly formed bone tissue. With STCRBGM, the ISQ value significantly increases in a year by 2.4 units compared to the group with a xenogenic collagen matrix. This is despite the fact that the group with xenogenic collagen matrix also used the Sensobone xenograft, and the ISQ values were high both at the time of implant placement and in the follow-up. These values, however, were significantly lower than in the group with STCRBGM. During the year of observation, there were no dental implant failures in both groups, and the survival rate of implants one year after their placement was 100%. Therefore, the effectiveness of one-stage dental implantation is facilitated by the high stability of the implant, provided by the use of soft-tissue cuff reinforced with bone grafting material, which directly depends on the type of bone grafting material (Sensobone xenograft).