INCIDENCE OF DENTAL CARIES IN CHILDREN AROUND THE WORLD FOR 1990 - 2010 YEARS. (PART 1: RUSSIA, UKRAINE, BELARUS)

Abstract

For each pediatric dentist is well known that primary teeth significantly influence the development of oral and fa-cial skeleton, play an important role in the reception and assimilation of food, are essential for the formation of speech, are important for the expression of emotion and communication. It all breaks down at an early destruction and loss of deciduous teeth. The children formed malocclusion, reduced self-esteem, particularly in girls who start complexes among their peers in children's groups. The purpose of research The of investigate the prevalence and intensity of dental caries in preschool children in the Ukraine and in the world over a 20-year period from 1990 to 2010. Materials and methods: Is to study more than 75 references, and material worldwide network internet pages. Results of the research: Over a 20-year period of observation prevalence of dental caries remained almost un-changed, but very high. In Russia, the prevalence of dental caries in the period from 1999 to 2004 did not change (about 73%). Intensity for the period from 2001 to 2008 increased by 2 times (4.76 - 2001 9.79 - 2008).In Ukraine, the main indicators of caries in this age group are also at very high levels. Since the prevalence of dental caries in children 6 years of age has increased from 87.5% in 1988 to 95.5% in 2010, reaching a solid level. In Belarus, the 10-year peri-od there is always a high prevalence of dental caries in these children (93.8% in 1996 and 90% - in 2005). But the in-tensity had decreased in 2 times (from 7.0 in 1996 to 3.5 in 2005). Over the years in different countries world in differ-ent ways changed the prevalence and intensity of dental caries. In some cases they have not changed, other sharp or slightly increasing or decreasing. Depended on it, probably, on the level of economic and social development of coun-tries in general and medicine in particular. Conclusions: Incidence of dental caries in preschool children in the three Slavic countries over the 20 years of the study period is characterized by a paucity of performance in the first year of life due to shortness of the visit to the den-tist such young children. Increased incidence at 2 years of age, the tendency to increase in 3 years of age, reduction in the prevalence and the intensity of dental caries in children 4 years and consistently high levels of tooth decay among children 5-6 years old. If you do not take into account the fact that the lowest incidence of dental caries in children aged 5 to 17 in the world - in Africa, thanks to prevention activities in the developed countries, the incidence of caries in them only close to those indicators in Africa. But notes Striking effectiveness of such activities on their absence or lack of financing in developing countries. Preventive dentistry can significantly save the health of the teeth, to break the vicious circle - fillings, crowns, extractions, dentures, keep spending on dental care, to reduce the potential harm from the fear of the dentist. Therefore, prevention should be a priority in dentistry, not only hygienic, but also for economic reasons, as the second-best after vaccination strategies in health care of any country.